There are lots of different types of contraception available, so it’s important to find one that fits your lifestyle, health needs and family planning goals. Speak to your doctor about your options. They can help to decide the best fit for you, based on:
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Your medical history
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The effectiveness of different methods
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The convenience of different methods
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If you would prefer to take a pill every day or choose something that lasts for several weeks, months or years
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Whether or not you want to have children in the future
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Whether you get heavy or painful periods
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Possible side effects
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Cost considerations
Myth 1:
You can’t get pregnant if you’re breastfeeding.
Reality:
If you had a baby less than 6 months ago, have not had a period and are exclusively breastfeeding, this is 98% effective at preventing pregnancy. You should still speak to your doctor about contraception. If your periods come back or you reduce breastfeeding, you are more likely to get pregnant.
Myth 2:
Long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) is only for women who have had children.
Reality:
LARC methods are suitable for most women, regardless of whether they have had children.
Myth 3:
Emergency contraception can be used regularly.
Reality:
Emergency contraception is a backup method and not meant for regular use.
These types of contraception contain hormones that stop the ovaries from releasing an egg (ovulation). They include daily pills and the vaginal ring, which is placed inside the vagina for 3 weeks at a time. Some options may also help with heavy or painful periods. To work properly, these methods need your attention every day or every few weeks, depending on the type.
These types of contraception last for several months or years. They include: intrauterine devices (IUDs), placed inside the uterus; the implant, a small rod placed under the skin of the arm; and injectable contraception. Some of these may also help with heavy or painful periods.
These act as a physical barrier to prevent sperm from reaching the egg. They include condoms and the diaphragm, a reusable dome-shaped cup that covers the cervix to block sperm entry. Condoms also offer protection against sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Their effectiveness depends on correct usage.
Permanent options include tubal ligation, a surgical procedure that involves sealing or cutting the fallopian tubes that connect the ovaries to the uterus. Another option is vasectomy for men, which involves cutting and sealing the vas deferens, stopping sperm from reaching the penis.
These involve tracking indicators such as your menstrual cycle, cervical mucus and body temperature. You then use these to work out on which days you may be most fertile and avoid sex on those days.
Emergency contraception is taken after unprotected sex to prevent pregnancy. It should be used as soon as possible and within 4-5 days, depending on the type. Like the name suggests, it should not be used as regular contraception.
All of the methods above (with the exception of condoms) need a consultation with a doctor or pharmacist. See your healthcare professional to discuss which method may be right for you.
Here are some questions you might want to ask to help understand more about your options:
How effective is this method in preventing pregnancy? How often do I need to remember to use it or change it? What are the potential side effects? Does it protect against sexually transmitted infections (STIs)?Talk to your doctor to discuss what contraception might be right for you